What is a Gastroscopy?
Gastroscopy (also known as upper GI endoscopy or OGD) is a procedure to examine the upper gastrointestinal tract, including the oesophagus (food pipe), stomach, and upper part of the small intestine (duodenum).
The procedure is performed using a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope, which has a small camera and light at its tip. The endoscope is gently passed through the mouth into the digestive tract, allowing the specialist to visualise the lining and perform therapeutic interventions if needed.
When is a Gastroscopy Recommended?
- Persistent or severe indigestion (dyspepsia)
- Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD / heartburn)
- Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
- Unexplained nausea or vomiting
- Upper abdominal pain or discomfort
- Suspected stomach or duodenal ulcers
- Unexplained iron deficiency or anaemia
- Investigation of coeliac disease or Barrett’s oesophagus
- Upper gastrointestinal bleeding
- Follow-up of known conditions
What Happens During the Procedure?
Arrival & Preparation
You arrive fasting (nil by mouth for at least 6 hours). An IV cannula is inserted for sedation medication.
Sedation
Conscious sedation is administered to make you relaxed and comfortable throughout the procedure.
Examination
The endoscope is gently passed through the mouth. The specialist carefully examines the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum.
Biopsy / Intervention
Tissue samples (biopsies) or therapeutic interventions (e.g. polyp removal, haemostasis) are performed as clinically indicated.
Recovery
You recover in a supervised area until sedation wears off. A responsible adult must drive you home.
Preparation Instructions
- Fast for at least 6 hours before the procedure (no food or drink)
- Water and essential medications with a small sip of water are usually permitted up to 2 hours before
- Advise our team of any blood-thinning medications you take
- Arrange for a responsible adult to drive you home — you cannot drive after sedation
- Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing
After the Procedure
Most patients return to normal activities the following day. You may experience mild bloating or a sore throat, which typically resolves within 24–48 hours. Your specialist will discuss the findings with you and provide a written report for your GP. Biopsy results, if taken, are usually available within 5–7 days.